A bone spur (an extra bone growth) can make walking and wearing shoes painful. There are several nonsurgical treatments for bone spurs. But if these aren't effective, surgery can be considered.

Arthritis often affects the big toe joint, causing pain and stiffness. Untreated, it can damage cartilage and destroy the joint. Treatment choices include nonsurgical methods, but surgery may be needed if these fail.

A bunion is a bony bump near the joint at the base of the big toe. It forms when the first and second metatarsal bones are misaligned, causing the big toe to turn toward the others. Bunions, often hereditary, can lead to pain, swelling, and skin irritation.

Your doctor can tell you where your surgery will be done. You will also be told the type of anesthesia you’ll be given during surgery to stay pain-free during the procedure.

Learn what to expect after electrothermal catheter therapy, both in the hospital and when you're at home.

An electrothermal therapy procedure may take up to 2 hours. During the procedure, you’ll be awake but relaxed. Read on for details about what to expect.

Electrothermal therapy is often done in a hospital or surgery center. You won't need to stay overnight. Before the procedure, you and your healthcare provider will discuss how you need to prepare.

Electrothermal therapy, also known as intradiscal electrothermal therapy, uses heat to change the structure of the tissue inside the disk in your back. It doesn’t relieve pain right away. Pain is reduced as the disk heals.

Surgery may be used when pain severely limits your activities. Or it may be done when a rehab program or other nonsurgical treatments just are not helping enough. Some procedures may be done using arthroscopy. This method uses tiny incisions and special instruments to look and work inside the knee joint. Other procedures need open surgery.

Some procedures may be done using arthroscopy, a method that uses tiny incisions and special instruments to look and work inside the knee joint. Other procedures need open surgery. The kneecap can be realigned to improve its tracking. To do this, soft tissue may be cut, tightened, or moved.